Tretinoin
Retinoid
Also known as: All-trans retinoic acid, Retinoic acid, Vitamin A acid
Description
Tretinoin is a first-generation retinoid derived from vitamin A. It is one of the most extensively studied topical agents in dermatology, widely used for acne vulgaris and photoaging.
Mechanism of Action
Binds to retinoic acid receptors (RARs) in the nucleus, modulating gene transcription. Promotes keratinocyte differentiation, accelerates epidermal turnover, reduces cohesion of comedonal cells, and stimulates collagen synthesis in the dermis.
Indications
- Acne vulgaris
- Photoaging
- Melasma (adjunctive)
- Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation
- Fine wrinkles
- Rough skin texture
Available Concentrations
Side Effects
- Erythema
- Peeling and desquamation
- Dryness
- Photosensitivity
- Initial purging period
- Burning or stinging sensation
Contraindications
- Pregnancy (Category X)
- Eczema or broken skin at application site
- Concurrent use with photosensitizing agents
Pregnancy Category
X